The Industrial Revolution Spreads [AP World History] Unit 5 Topic 4

The Industrial Revolution Spreads [AP World History] Unit 5 Topic 4

The Industrial Revolution Spreads [AP World History] Unit 5 Topic 4

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In this video Heimler walks through three nations into which the Industrial Revolution spread: the United States, Russia, and Japan.

In the United States, industry boomed primarily because of the huge influx of Irish and German immigrants who flooded its shores in search of work. They were often paid low wages, but in many cases had few other choices.

In Russia, they focused their industrial capacity on railroads, most notably the Trans-Siberian Railroad which stretched from Moscow to the Pacific Ocean.

In Japan industrialization took on a more defensive posture. Japan industrialized in order to keep other industrial nations at bay and to protect their own culture.

And while the Industrial Revolution spread throughout the world more traditional manufacturing like shipbuilding in India/South East Asia and iron works in India declined in the face of such overwhelming odds.

If you have any questions, leave them below and Heimler will answer forthwithly.


Content

0.12 -> Hi and welcome back to Heimler’s History.
1.16 -> In the last video we talked about how the Industrial Revolution began and specifically
4.202 -> why it began in England.
5.76 -> In this video we’re going to see how the machinations of industry spread from England
9.19 -> to much of the wider world.
10.78 -> So if you’re ready, I’m ready—let’s get to it.
13.05 -> So after the Industrial Revolution was firmly established in Britain, other nations began
16.72 -> thinking.
17.72 -> So let me get this straight: if we start building factories in urban centers, then we can get
20.64 -> huge portions of our population to start crowding into cities, living in squalor, working long
25.29 -> days in dreary and dangerous working conditions, dumping their urine and dookey into the streets,
31.06 -> polluting the water with industrial waste, making it impossible to breathe a full breath
35.29 -> because of the cole smoke pouring out of the stacks?
38.199 -> Well that sounds dumb.
39.53 -> Yeah, but your nation will become fabulously wealthy.
41.57 -> We’re in!
42.57 -> So from Britain the industrial process spread into Belgium and France and Germany because
46.999 -> they had many of the same natural advantages that England had to begin with.
49.77 -> And if you want to know what those are, see the previous video (linked below).
53.179 -> And after that initial spread into the European continent, the Industrial Revolution spread
56.53 -> further out to the United States, Japan, and Russia.
58.499 -> And it’s those three nations that will be the focus of this video.
61.609 -> So what did industrialization look like in the United States?
64.77 -> Once industrialization came to the American shores, it wasn’t long before the U.S. became
68.49 -> the most significant industrial force in the world.
70.37 -> [high fives bald eagle] And a main reason for that is the huge waves of European immigrants
74.09 -> that began showing up on her shores in the late 19th and early 20th century.
78.23 -> Most of these immigrants were Irish and German and often settled in urban centers.
81.48 -> And because factories needed unskilled laborers to keep their machines churning, and because
86.28 -> the factories wanted to pay these machine churners next to nothing, immigrants fit the
90.17 -> bill.
91.17 -> And, not surprisingly, while it was good in some ways that these immigrants found work,
93.99 -> they also found a substantial chunk of Americans who thought the immigrant presence polluted
98.42 -> the American nation.
99.52 -> Far as I’m concerned if you don’t speak American, you ain’t American.
102.27 -> Okay, how about the spread of the Industrial Revolution into Russia?
104.72 -> Well, here industry focused heavily on the building of railroads.
107.83 -> And beginning in the late 19th century, Russia undertook the magnificent feat of constructing
111.84 -> the Trans-Siberian Railroad which stretched all the way from Moscow to the Pacific Ocean.
116.26 -> And the chief effect of the completion of this project was a significant increase in
119.95 -> trade with eastern states like China.
122.01 -> And another focus of the Russian industrial movement was the expansion of the steel industry.
125.65 -> And by 1900 Russia was the fourth largest producer of steel in the world.
133.069 -> Okay, what did the Industrial Revolution look like when it spread into Japan?
148.06 -> Well, here it was a little different because Japan industrialized not because they thought
151.4 -> western manufacturing processes were so great.
153.939 -> Japan’s choice to industrialize was more defensive in nature, and here’s what I mean.
157.939 -> The Japanese possessed an ancient culture, of which they were very proud.
161.11 -> And when they looked at all the social and political and economic changes that came along
164.689 -> with industrialization, the Japanese were smart enough to see that wholesale adoption
168.9 -> of this new way of life would put their cherished cultural values at risk.
172.489 -> But at the same time, Japan could see the writing on the wall—there was no stopping
176.18 -> this new wave of industry.
177.2 -> And it was becoming clear that the power in the world was gathering around industrialized
181.34 -> nations.
182.34 -> So Japan decided to borrow western industrial techniques in order to make themselves viable
186.42 -> in that new world order.
187.659 -> But they only did it insofar as it enabled them to keep the western powers from coming
191.18 -> in and sabotaging their traditions and culture.
193.78 -> And now, an honorable mention goes to the folks in the Middle Eastern and Asian nations
204.76 -> that continued to produce manufactured goods for sale, but not on the scale of the industrialized
207.959 -> nations.
208.959 -> As you might expect, their share in global manufacturing declined during this period.
211.859 -> Let me give you a couple examples.
213.799 -> First example: shipbuilding in India and Southeast Asia.
216.669 -> Now despite a revival of shipbuilding in this region at the end of the 17th century, the
220.099 -> increasingly oppressive British rule in India especially meant that shipbuilding went on
224.22 -> a severe decline.
225.23 -> And one of the main reasons for this was that the British navy went ahead and took over
229.28 -> in the Indian Ocean.
230.349 -> Second example: iron works in India.
232.109 -> Now, the ground beneath the Indian soil was rich with iron, and they had previously prospered
236.639 -> by it.
237.639 -> But again, because of the steep tariffs imposed by the British, the Indians found it was no
240.489 -> longer worth it to mine the iron and engage in any kind of economically meaningful metalwork.
245.719 -> Also around this time there was an uprising in India against British rule.
248.639 -> And long story short, the British suspected that much of the iron the Indians were mining
252.769 -> was being turned into ammunition to be delivered into the bodies of the British, which they
257.34 -> found incredibly rude.
258.359 -> And so the British, for all intents and purposes, shut down the Indian iron industry and by
262.33 -> the early 1800’s that industry was basically non-existent.
264.87 -> Okay, that’s what you need to know about the spread of the Industrial Revolution from
271.71 -> 1750-1900.
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275.009 -> keep making videos for you.
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288.3 -> Heimler out.

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZEeYV3SLMQ