The American Revolution - OverSimplified (Part 1)

Aug 9, 2023

The American Revolution - OverSimplified (Part 1)

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Content

0 -> *Fancy music*

1.44 -> "Hooooooly smokes!"

2.8 -> Christopher Columbus!

3.9 -> That is no way to address the King and Queen of Spain! What is wrong with you?"

6.78 -> "Ok. Ok!"

7.3 -> "So you know how we're looking for a new trade route to India, right?" "Right"

9.78 -> "And the earth is round, right?" "Right."

11.08 -> "So I'm thinking we can just sail the oooother way around the planet, right?" "Yeah?"

14.2 -> "So I set sail, right?"

15.04 -> "Mhm?"

15.62 -> "And I reach India, right?"

16.4 -> "Righ-" "Wrong!"

17.64 -> "W R O N G!"

18.66 -> "I did NOT reach India."

20.28 -> "I did NOT!"

21.42 -> "Alright-" "NO"

21.94 -> "Alright, get to the point."

23.42 -> "DID YOU KNOW"

24.38 -> "There's a whole another freaking continent out there!"

26.56 -> "Okay. And do you think I should care about this, why??

28.7 -> "Oh, I'm sorry. Did I forget to mention? There's GOLD EVERYWHERE!"

32.52 -> "Gold?"

35.04 -> AAHHHHH!

37.22 -> Columbus landed in Central America in October 1492

39.78 -> and he had the time of his life.

41.22 -> And by that, I mean, he went on a huge theft and murder spree.

43.32 -> He stole gold, jewelry, people, and a hammock.

45.72 -> And then he returned to show off all of his riches,

47.56 -> Including a few previously undiscovered items, such as tobacco, the pineapple, turkeys, and a hammock.

52.6 -> Now I know what you're thinking.

53.66 -> "But OverSimplified, Columbus didn't discover America, the Vikings did!"

57.12 -> And you'd be partially right.

58.14 -> In the 11th century, Leif Erikson was the first European to land in America.

61.52 -> But hey, if you love Vikings so much, then why don't you...

64.24 -> check out today's sponsor?

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68.48 -> by the famous strategy and RPG games of the 90's

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77.62 -> Then my friends, Viking's War of Clans is for you.

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82.62 -> more than twenty million online players are constantly changing the way the game evolves

86.3 -> by never-ending fighting over resources, forging new alliances, and competing in live events.

90.64 -> Support my channel by downloading Vikings for free only from my links in the description box below

95.72 -> and get the special bonus of 200 gold coins and a protective shield.

99.16 -> Don't forget to look me up and join my Vikings clan under my nickname, "OverSimplified"

104.14 -> Now, where was I?

105 -> Oh, yeah.

105.67 -> Columbus, time of his life,

107.289 -> hammock.

108.06 -> And suddenly the race was on to explore and conquer the New World.

111.04 -> After a couple centuries of warring with the natives and each other,

113.98 -> the European powers had claimed quite a lot of land,

116.02 -> including this area which both the English and the French claimed is theirs.

119.02 -> One day, the French said, "I'm gonna build some forts along here."

121.2 -> And the English were like, "Could you not?"

122.44 -> And the French said, "Sorry."

123.479 -> "But no, I could not not."

124.82 -> And they went ahead and built their forts,

126.04 -> which pissed off the English.

127.14 -> So they sent an upcoming British lieutenant-colonel by the name of George Washington,

130.38 -> with a combined force of British troops and Native Americans.

132.92 -> After a short battle, the French commander said,

134.489 -> "Alright, alright, we surrender."

135.78 -> "Ok, boys. Pack it up. They're surrenderi-"

137.64 -> *slice*

138.72 -> "Oh, sorry. Was I NOT meant to split his head open with a Tomahawk?"

141.98 -> "Ah, don't worry. It's not like this will start a seven-year long major global conflict."

145.08 -> And what happened next was a 7-year long major global conflict

147.66 -> which Great Britain won! (football's coming home plays)

148.7 -> At the peace negotiations, Spain gave up Florida,

151.02 -> while France gave up all of its territories in North America.

153.32 -> But Britain's victory came at a cost.

155.2 -> A £60 MILLION cost.

156.96 -> They were now broke, in a lot of debt, and had to come up with some way to repay it.

160.2 -> So they went to the Colonies and said, "Okay listen up."

162.48 -> "So a huge part of the war was spent protecting you from the French.

164.88 -> "And now we have no money because of it."

166.96 -> So...

168.78 -> "I'm not sure what you're saying here."

170.02 -> "Okay. So, we spent a lot of money protecting you from the French, right?"

172.52 -> "Right." "And now we're broke."

173.4 -> *subtle silence*

174.7 -> "That certainly is a pickle." "LISTEN TO ME."

177.08 -> "We spent all of our money protecting YOU, and now we need money."

182.26 -> "Can you please pay us back some money?"

185.98 -> "No."

187.76 -> "Okay, we're just going to go ahead and tax you."

189.32 -> In 1764, Britain introduced the Sugar Act,

191.52 -> forcing the colonists to import sugar and molasses exclusively from the British, and to pay duties on them.

196.14 -> Then, a year later, they introduced the extremely controversial Stamp Act, and it worked a little something like this:

201.14 -> "Hello shopkeep."

202 -> "Hello, Mr. Bungleberry."

202.88 -> "Here's the deed for your new shack."

204.32 -> "STAMP."

204.82 -> "That'll be three pence, please."

206.536 -> "Wait. What was that?"

207.649 -> "It's the new tax. I get a stamp on any paper or documentation I make, and you have to pay for it."

212.089 -> "Would you like to see this pamphlet that explains everything?"

214.32 -> "Yes, please."

214.88 -> "Okay. Stamp. 2 pence, please."

217.22 -> "This is awful!"

218.18 -> "You know what? Just give me a deck of cards so I can go gamble my pain away."

221.18 -> "OK."

222.96 -> "No.."

225.2 -> "Don't do it."

227.18 -> "Stamp."

228.8 -> Obviously the colonists were like "Hey my dudes, this new tax legislation right here,

232.72 -> This is *BS*"

233.82 -> Until now they had enjoyed relative freedom to rule themselves,

235.88 -> And now suddenly Britain was asserting its control.

238.74 -> They were especially unhappy because they didn't have any representatives in the Parliament that was levying taxes on them.

243.56 -> So they protested.

244.64 -> Orators gave fiery speeches.

245.88 -> British goods were boycotted and anyone loyal to the British found themselves increasingly harassed.

250.4 -> The whole thing actually began to take quite a toll on British business and after just a couple years the British were forced to repeal the Stamp Act.

256.56 -> "But we still desperately need money. What should we do?"

258.84 -> "We could try taxing the colonies."

260.16 -> "GREAT IDEA!!!"

261.14 -> "Wait, didn't we literally just try that, and it failed miserably?"

263.82 -> "Man, look at me. I look fabulous.

266.08 -> *georgy, dont get frisky*

266.7 -> Have you ever seen such a handsome boy? No siree, Georgie. No way

270.169 -> You're the handsomest, smartest, most popular King that ever lived and everybody likes you.

274.88 -> You're doing such a good job."

276.44 -> "Uh, Your Majesty ?"

277.48 -> "Oh, you're still here."

280.08 -> "Get the hell out."

281.3 -> So in 1766 the British made a declaration saying "We can do what we want, because we're in charge and you can all go suck it"

286.62 -> Then they levied a whole bunch of new taxes on the Americans via import duties.

290.18 -> Glass? There's a tax for that. Lead? There's a tax for that.

293.26 -> Paper? Tea? Oil?

295.44 -> There's a tax for that.

296.6 -> And once again The Americans boycotted British goods,

298.8 -> British business felt the pinch, and the British had to back down.

301.82 -> "Alright, this is ridiculous. They're my colonies and I have to be able to assert my control.

305.53 -> Repeal all the new taxes except for the one on tea. Also send 1,000 troops to Boston to take control."

310.349 -> "Oh and make the colonists pay for them."

312.46 -> And as British troops arrived, the tension in Boston is palpable, you could cut it with a knife.

316.56 -> And it was all about to come to a head.

318.06 -> On March 5th, a band of local Patriots began heckling a British guard at the Customs House.

322.02 -> More and more Americans joined in the heckling,

323.909 -> While more British troops turned up in support of their comrade.

326.56 -> Snowballs were thrown at the British.

328.12 -> The snowballs turned to rocks.

329.28 -> The rocks to oyster shells.

330.52 -> The soldiers, outnumbered.

331.72 -> Panicked, one thing leads to another and you can see where this is going.

334.76 -> *Gunshots*

336.38 -> five civilians were killed. The Patriot pressed throughout the colonies declared the Boston Massacre an

340.86 -> unwarranted crime committed against the people of Boston, by the cruel British.

344.54 -> And the anger continued to grow.

345.96 -> A British revenue schooner that ran aground in Rhode Island is burned by the locals.

349.54 -> When it came to light, that the governor of Massachusetts supported the suppression of the colonists,

353.44 -> his house was burned by the locals.

354.62 -> And next, the colonists would set their sight on the remaining tax on tea.

358.7 -> On December 16th, 1773 a band of patriots known as the Sons of Liberty

362.74 -> Disguised themselves as Native Americans, marched down to Boston Harbor.

366.26 -> Boarded a British merchant ship loaded with tea.

368.28 -> And in front of thousand spectators, threw nearly 10,000 pounds worth of tea overboard.

373.04 -> The British were disgusted, and they punished Massachusetts with a vengeance.

377.16 -> They dissolved its General Assembly, revoked their charter, and sent 3,000 more troops to occupy the city.

381.94 -> Meaning Boston and Massachusetts were now essentially under the direct rule of Great Britain.

386.9 -> And oh boy were the people pissed.

388.66 -> The other colonies saw what was happening, and worried they might be next.

391.86 -> So they called a brain trust to decide what to do.

394.1 -> Fifty-six delegates from 12 colonies gathered and met in Philadelphia at the First Continental Congress.

398.76 -> And the roll call read like a who's who of America's finest thinkers

401.7 -> I'm talking lawyers extraordinaire: Johnny A and Johnny Jay,

404.6 -> Experienced military commander; George Washington

406.84 -> Businessman and future alcoholic beverage; Samuel Adams.

409.78 -> Fiery Orator; Patty H

411.46 -> Guy who married a rich lady; (BIG) J Dickinson.

413.74 -> And while they weren't present at the first Congress,

415.6 -> Soon name like James Madison, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson and much later...

419.06 -> Alexander Hamilton would all serve time in the Continental Congress.

422.2 -> The question now though, was what to do about the British.

424.52 -> After much bitter debate and disagreement,

426.3 -> they eventually agreed on an amazing solution.

428.56 -> They would simply ask the British to stop.

431.14 -> "Can you stop?"

432.24 -> "No."

432.74 -> "It didn't work."

433.5 -> "OK, then tell the local militias to start arming and be ready at a minutes notice."

437.72 -> And across the colonies, these Minutemen stood ready for the beginning of the American Revolutionary War.

443.06 -> Now having your colonies in open rebellion is one thing.

445.74 -> Once they start arming themselves, that's when it really hits the fan.

448.66 -> So British General Thomas Gage ordered 700 troops from Boston out into the rebel controlled

453.14 -> Massachusetts countryside, to destroy stores of arms and ammunition held by the rebels in Concord.

457.98 -> The British set up in the middle of the night.

459.84 -> Patriots including Paul Revere rode ahead to warn that the British were coming, giving the rebels time to prepare.

464.26 -> The two sides met in Lexington as the Sun began to rise.

466.98 -> They faced off against each other, and in the confusion somebody shot first.

470.42 -> *Gunshots*

471.38 -> The shot heard around the world marked the beginning of the American War of Independence.

475.9 -> The rebels were outnumbered and had to fall back to Concord,

478.36 -> as the British slit up to search for rebel supplies.

480.56 -> However, more and more Patriot rebels kept showing up,

482.94 -> and this time it was the British who outnumbered, as more fighting kicked off in Concord.

486.8 -> The most professional army in the world was forced to flee back to Boston at the hands of local, poorly trained militiamen.

492.44 -> And all along the British route back to Boston, patriot rebels continued to gather an open fire on the retreating British.

497.86 -> When the British reached Boston, the rebel militias surrounded them.

500.86 -> Boston and the British were now under siege, as small landed naval skirmishes continued around the city.

505.98 -> And the British would suffer another embarrassing blow.

508.38 -> This time in upstate New York,

509.86 -> Colonel Benedict Arnold concocted a plan to take the British stronghold, Fort Ticonderoga.

514 -> Which held a large amount of guns and ammunition, he set off towards the fort alone.

517.64 -> Hoping to recruit men along the way, when he came across the Green Mountain Boys,

520.96 -> lead by Ethan Allen.

522.08 -> Who as it turned out, had the exact same plan he did.

524.42 -> So they decided to work together...

525.68 -> But I'm in charge. No, I'm in charge. No, I'm in charge

528.34 -> No, I'm in charge. No, I'm in charge. No, I'm in charge. No, I'm in charge

532.42 -> This went on for some time, until the Green Mountain Boys threatened to go home and, Arnold had to concede.

536.48 -> The group raided the fort at night, while the Redcoats were asleep.

539.28 -> And they caught them completely by surprise, taking the fort and all of its munitions with almost no resistance.

544.18 -> "Wow, great job Ethan, very impressive. By the way. What happened to that other guy we sent to take the fort?"

549.28 -> "Who?"

549.78 -> "Benedict Arnold."

551 -> "Never heard of him."

553.02 -> "ouch."

554 -> ...

556.18 -> "What.

556.98 -> "What. The.

557.84 -> "What. The. Fu-"

558.34 -> Nobody knew what was going on.

560.08 -> The colonies were an open rebellion, and for now they even seem to be winning

563.26 -> So King George fired general Gage,

564.78 -> replaced him with General William Howe,

566.48 -> and ordered their rebellion to be put down immediately.

568.82 -> "Okay, the British are definitely going to retaliate for all of this.

571.22 -> So we should probably put together a proper army.

573.12 -> First we need to pick a Commander-in-Chief,

574.7 -> and I think we can all agree that that job should go to the man,

577.32 -> the myth,

577.92 -> the legend...

578.56 -> George Washington."

579.5 -> "My friends, I am humbled and honored that you would consider me for such an important role.

583.46 -> I did not expect for this-"

584.69 -> "All right, you've been showing up in a military uniform every day for the last 10 months.

587.749 -> We all know you wanted this, so cut the crap George"

590.52 -> "Dude...

592.2 -> Uncool."

593.02 -> So Washington began his journey up to Boston to take command of the newly established Continental Army,

597.6 -> just as British made their first major attempts to break the siege.

600.4 -> They made plans to take the high ground on Bunker Hill,

602.54 -> but spies warned the continentals of the British plans.

604.72 -> So they fortified Bunker Hill, and set up defensive positions on nearby breeds Hill.

608.24 -> The day of the battle came.

609.24 -> And as the British advanced, a barrage of continental gunfire was opened up on them.

612.94 -> Twice they tried to climb the hill, twice they were pushed back.

615.88 -> The battle lasted three hours until the Continentals finally ran out of ammunition and had to retreat.

620.02 -> Allowing the British to take the hill.

621.66 -> While technically a British victory, they suffered nearly 1,000 casualties to the Continental's 400.

626.5 -> The colonists show the British that this wasn't just a rebellion.

629.16 -> It was war, and they were ready for it.

631.56 -> BUT,

632.18 -> One thing they weren't sure about, was why they were fighting.

634.94 -> Well some radicals were starting to throw around the 'i' word,

637.12 -> most hope to eventually repair their relationship with Great Britain.

640.14 -> So they sent a letter to King George saying: "Hey man, looks like things aren't going your way.

643.88 -> Remove the taxes and let's be friends?"

646.5 -> "I'm

647.32 -> "I'm gonna

648.38 -> "I'm gonna kick

649.42 -> "I'm gonna kick your

650.32 -> "I'm gonna kick your ass!"

651.28 -> "Send that to the colonies."

652.36 -> "Your majesty, your handwriting is terrible. Are you sure?"

654.66 -> "JUST DO IT!"

656.32 -> "What does it say?"

657.86 -> "He's gonna...

659.14 -> lick my..."

662.62 -> "Gross."

663.62 -> So for the remainder of the year small engagements continued to occur around the colony.

667.4 -> The British burned down the towns of Falmouth, Massachusetts and Norfolk, Virginia

670.5 -> As revenge for earlier anti-British incidents.

672.6 -> These actions played right into the hands of Patriot propaganda

675.28 -> Overseas, the British were seen as brutes, and the French and Spanish would soon begin sending supplies to the rebel cause

680.21 -> During this time

681.04 -> There was also minor fighting going on between patriot and loyalist militias in the southern colony.

685.44 -> Benedict Arnold was still on a mission to win some personal glory for himself

688.56 -> So he headed up an attempt to invade Canada in a two-pronged attack.

691.48 -> The Continentals managed to capture some British forts and the city of Montreal.

694.54 -> But a harsh snowstorm with some smallpox on the side saw them defeated

697.14 -> and pushed back at Quebec City.

698.84 -> And they were forced to retreat all the way to Fort Ticonderoga.

701.72 -> Speaking of which, remember all those guns and ammunition?

704.38 -> Well, this guy's got a plan for what to do with them.

706.18 -> He uses oxen to drag a hundred and 120,000 pounds of artillery,

709.14 -> for two months through the harsh winter.

710.44 -> 300 miles all the way to Washington and his Continental Army surrounding Boston.

714.36 -> BOOM!

714.86 -> Washington's got himself some big guns.

716.58 -> Which is fortunate, because up until now his army had been suffering through the cold winter,

720.06 -> not knowing when the siege would end.

721.56 -> Now they could make him move.

722.92 -> Washington wanted to launch a full assault on the city.

725.12 -> But his junior officers felt the British were too fortified, and to his credit

728.48 -> Washington was great at hearing and taking on board the ideas of others.

732.38 -> Instead, the continentals worked through the night setting the guns up on Dorchester Heights

735.82 -> overlooking the city.

736.66 -> And when Dawn Broke, and the British saw the guns,

738.68 -> they knew they were toast, their positions were completely exposed.

741.54 -> It was checkmate.

742.38 -> They had no choice but to abandon the city

744.34 -> 120 ships carried 9,000 redcoats, and 2,000 loyalist, away to an unknown fate.

748.94 -> Washington had his first victory, of the war.

751.42 -> Washington then moved his army to New York.

753.38 -> Knowing that when the British returned, they would probably land there.

756.08 -> in the meantime a friendly looking old man by the name of Thomas Paine

758.7 -> Had written and published a pamphlet called 'Common Sense'

761.04 -> In which he advocated for total independence from Great Britain.

763.76 -> It spread across the colonies like wildfire.

765.54 -> Until this day remains the best-selling title in America

768.16 -> It was read aloud in taverns and meeting halls, and brought the idea of Independence into the mainstream

772.52 -> Congress began to seriously consider the idea.

774.86 -> Thomas Jefferson was selected to write up an official declaration of independence.

778.16 -> And he went hard, writing that: 'All men are created equal, with certain inalienable rights."

784.16 -> Of course Jefferson had over a hundred slaves

785.88 -> but we don't have to talk about that.

787.16 -> The 2nd of July, congress voted unanimously in favor of independence.

790.52 -> And Johns Adams declared that the 2nd of July would go down as

792.94 -> the most remembered day in American history.

795.12 -> Then a couple days later, independence actually came into effect.

797.68 -> The United States of America was born.

799.82 -> There was no turning back now.

801.26 -> The Americans tore down a statue of King George in New York.

803.58 -> And melted him down into 42,000 musket balls.

806 -> To the British, it was treason.

807.48 -> and if the King had his way Washington and all of Congress would be hung.

811.36 -> Speaking of the British...

812.3 -> Guess who's back?

813.54 -> The king sent an intimidating force of 130 warships and 25,000 men to New York.

818.26 -> Washington knew that taking on the most powerful military in the world wouldn't be easy.

821.86 -> The British set up camp on Staten Island.

823.5 -> As the Americans dug into defensive positions around Brooklyn Heights.

826.6 -> Waiting for an attack to come.

827.72 -> But the British just...

828.82 -> waited...

829.32 -> Wearing down their opponents nerve, while building their own strength.

832.34 -> At one point, they launched a big scary artillery barrage and then said:

835.24 -> "You know if I was you right now, I'd probably sue for peace."

837.94 -> But Washington told him to shove it.

839.46 -> The Americans kept holding out for what was coming,

841.36 -> and when they finally hit they hit hard.

843.68 -> 15,000 British troops approached the American position, and the two sides fired on each other in massive rows.

848.32 -> But what the Americans didn't realize, was they were only fighting a decoy

851.56 -> The main British force was going around to flank the Americans from behind.

854.6 -> And when they arrived they inflicted heavy casualties.

856.98 -> the Americans panicked and retreated back to Brooklyn Heights.

859.7 -> Where they then found themselves trapped between the British Army and the river.

862.42 -> It looked as though the war was already lost.

864.38 -> But luckily, instead of attacking, the British decided to dig in for a siege.

867.7 -> And then a thick fog set in, allowing Washington's army to escape across the river unimpeded.

871.72 -> The British continued to chase and engage the Americans at Manhattan.

874.52 -> And the Americans suffered defeat, after defeat, after defeat.

878.46 -> It was a disaster, Washington's leadership was called into question.

881.52 -> As thousands of American POWs were left to rot as traitors.

885.5 -> Washington's army fled through New Jersey.

887.28 -> All the way down to, Pennsylvania

888.86 -> Rarely had an army been so badly beaten yet survived to fight another day.

893.28 -> *music*

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gzALIXcY4pg