What would happen if a nuclear weapon was dropped near you? How To Survive A Nuclear War: • How To Survive a Nuclear War Subscribe! http://bit.ly/asapsci
Created by: Mitchell Moffit and Gregory Brown Written by: Rachel Salt, Greg Brown and Mitchell Moffit Illustrated: by: Max Simmons Edited by: Sel Ghebrehiwot
0.25 -> Seventy years ago, the nuclear bombs dropped over Hiroshima and Nagasaki
4.27 -> exploded and to this day remained the only use of nuclear weapons for warfare, but with around
9.6 -> 15,000 warheads remaining in the world
11.83 -> What happens if we have a nuclear war? The impact of a single nuclear bomb depends on many factors like the weather, weapon design,
19.6 -> geographical layout of where the bomb hits and if it explodes in the air or [on] the ground. Approximately
25.09 -> 35 percent of the energy comes in the form of thermal radiation or heat
29.17 -> since thermal radiation
30.25 -> Travels at approximately the speed of light the flash of light and the heat comes several seconds before the blast wave and this causes flash
37.75 -> Blindness to anyone looking a temporary blindness of a few minutes with a one megaton bomb which is 80 times larger than the hiroshima bomb
45.36 -> but much smaller than many modern nuclear weapons those 21 kilometers away would experience flash blindness on a clear day and
52.3 -> Even up to 85 kilometers away on a clear night
55.39 -> Thermal radiation burns happen closer to the bomb with first-degree burns occurring around 11 kilometers
61.09 -> Second-degree burns at 10 kilometers and third-degree burns destroying skin tissue at 8 kilometers third-degree burns that cover over
68.35 -> [24%] of the body will likely be fatal without quick medical care these distances are variable depending on the weather and what clothing you're wearing
75.52 -> White clothing for example can reflect some of the energy well darker clothes absorb it at its [center] the hiroshima explosion was estimated to be
83.979 -> [300,000] degrees Celsius which is over
86.71 -> 300 times hotter than the temperature bodies are cremated at this intense heat
91.09 -> Reduces a body to its basic elements the radiation from the blast also behaves like sunlight
95.979 -> So [object] cast shadows where the radiation doesn't directly hit
99.63 -> But most of the energy released in the nuclear explosion is in the blast which drives air away from the site of the explosion
106 -> creating a sudden change in air pressure
107.92 -> That can crush objects or knock them down [if] we use a [1] megaton bomb as an example again within a 6 kilometer radius
115.03 -> There would be an estimated
116.92 -> 180 tons of Force on the wall of Every two-story building with wind speeds of
122.079 -> 255 kilometers an hour within a 1 kilometer radius the peak pressure is four times greater and wind speeds reached
130.239 -> 756 kilometers an hour the human Body can endure this amount of pressure
134.4 -> However the winds would create fatal collisions with nearby objects
137.87 -> So deaths would largely be from collapsed buildings all this at one megaton compare that with the largest nuclear bomb ever detonated
146.01 -> the 50 megatons Tsar bomba dropped on an isolated Island in Russia, and you're looking at
152.55 -> 3333 Hiroshima bombs combined if you happen to survive all this now you have to worry about radiation
159.14 -> Now not all radiation is harmful. We're exposed to different forms of radiation every day like our phones
164.28 -> But ionizing radiation at the center of a nuclear bomb has enough energy to rip electrons from atoms
170.37 -> But the amount of radiation you encounter is greatly affected by whether you're outside?
174.47 -> or inside in a wooden structure or a cement structure and so on
178.37 -> exposure to 600 rem Radiation has a [90] [percent] chance of creating fatal illness while a dose of
184.86 -> 450 rem is estimated to create a fatal dose within half of those affected, but even those who recover still suffer long-term
192.24 -> molecular bonds and strands of Dna are broken and while most repair around a corridor don't which can result in future genetic mutations and
200.22 -> increased probability of cancer
201.93 -> Then there is the fallout
203.55 -> When a bomb is detonated on or near the surface of the Earth the blast creates a crater and the material that used to be
209.33 -> Deposited in the crater is carried up [into] the air as vaporized dirt particles forming the familiar mushroom cloud these particles become radioactive
217.38 -> And eventually condense and come back down as fallout
220.95 -> depending on wind conditions
222.54 -> Radioactive fallout can travel for hundreds of miles and though it can fall in the form of black rain for the most part you can't
229.16 -> detect fallout with your senses luckily fallout radiation
232.35 -> Decays Fairly quickly and within two weeks material will have declined to about 1% of its initial radiation level
239.1 -> But you would have to stay in a shelter
241.08 -> Until then so what is a Multi bomb Nuclear war broke out a recent study?
246 -> Imagined what 100 detonated warheads the approximate size of a her ocean bomb would look like if India and Pakistan went to war
253.26 -> These two nations have relatively small stockpiles of weapons
256.71 -> Compared to countries like the us Russia and China however this would still do huge damage
262.049 -> after the Nuclear Exchange 5 megatons of [Blackrock] would immediately enter the atmosphere
267.49 -> Causing global temperatures to fall and receive 9% less rain annually, [though]
271.89 -> these changes sound small they could be enough to Trigger crop failures and famine a
276.25 -> separate study estimated two billion people would starve in the wake of a
279.88 -> 100 a bomb war so what should you do we created a video called how to survive a nuclear war that looks into strategies for
287.22 -> Safety in the event of a nuclear bomb near you which you can click on here to check out
291.46 -> Don't forget to [subscribe] for more weekly science videos every Thursday and click that bell to make sure you get notifications for our videos
