![SOCIETY in the Industrial Age [AP World History] Unit 5 Topic 9 (5.9)](https://img.howtoclicks.com/vi_webp/t10EoCXim1c/sddefault.webp)
SOCIETY in the Industrial Age [AP World History] Unit 5 Topic 9 (5.9)
SOCIETY in the Industrial Age [AP World History] Unit 5 Topic 9 (5.9)
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In this video Heimler explains the effects of the Industrial Revolution on society, including living conditions, family structures, women’s rights, and environmental impact.
Sickness became a big problem during the Industrial Revolution because factory workers lived in hastily built structures called tenements. Typically they were poorly built and ventilated. And because so many people lived in such close quarters (and add pollution of the water supply to it), disease spread quickly, most notably, cholera.
Family structures changed as well. Especially at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution all able members of the family worked factory jobs. And this led to the fracturing of traditional family structures.
Middle class women were encouraged to stay home and raise virtuous children under the influence of the Cult of Domesticity. But soon women raised their voices and demanded equal rights with men. A good example is the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848.
And finally the Industrial Revolution had an environmental impact as well. As human and industrial waste was poured into water supplies, drinkable water became contaminated. Additionally, smog became a problem in many industrial towns.
If you have any questions, leave them below and Heimler will answer forthwithly.
Content
0.12 -> Hey and welcome back to Heimler’s History.
1.5 -> So we’ve been in Unit 5 of AP World History
and we’ve been considering the massive changes
5.16 -> that occurred as a result of the spread of
industrialization.
8.16 -> And in this final video for Unit 5 we’re
going to talk about how industrialization
11.5 -> affected the lives of normal people like you
and me.
14.419 -> So, let’s get to it.
15.419 -> So let’s look at this under three headings:
how cities changed, how families changed,
18.66 -> and how all of this affected the environment.
20.43 -> First, cities.
21.43 -> Now, with the influx of migrants from rural
areas into urban areas, the population of
25.85 -> these cities exploded.
26.85 -> And because cities weren’t exactly planning
for all this new population, they began to
30.29 -> add infrastructure willy-nilly.
32.09 -> And to use a word like willy-nilly makes it
sound like it was kind of cute, but I assure
35.78 -> you, it was patently not cute.
37.48 -> A new kind of living structure emerged during
this period known as the tenement.
40.69 -> When factory owners saw that their workers
needed a place to live and in a dang hurry,
45.219 -> many of them sponsored the building of these
tenements.
47.64 -> Typically they were hastily (which is to say
shoddily) constructed and poorly ventilated.
51.85 -> And because factory workers were, as a rule,
paid crummy wages, they packed themselves
56.14 -> into these tenements like sardines.
57.609 -> And one negative effect of living in such
close and unsanitary conditions was the spread
62.03 -> of disease.
63.03 -> One of the main culprits was cholera, and
people got this by drinking contaminated water—another
66.57 -> benefit of tenement living—and the result
was severe diarrhea and vomiting, sometimes
70.622 -> leading to death.
71.622 -> Did that man just say severe diarrhea in a
video?
74.42 -> I believe he did.
75.93 -> Anyway, why were all these folks getting sick?
78.14 -> Well all of us who have been blessed with
indoor plumbing cannot imagine a time in which
81.79 -> such fecal conveniences were unavailable.
84.32 -> But in these tenements, human waste was either
dumped into the streets or cesspools full
88.86 -> of it were dumped into or near the water supply.
90.97 -> Now to be fair, the germ theory of disease
was still in its infancy and some of its conclusions
95.27 -> were pretty fuzzy.
96.27 -> So it wasn’t altogether clear that contaminating
the water supply would lead to the spread
100.03 -> of disease.
101.03 -> But eventually they got it and then industrialized
cities began to make efforts to solve these
104.43 -> problems like better sewage and better ways
to remove trash from people’s living spaces.
108.37 -> Now, despite the suffering of the working
class, industrialization led to a rise in
111.97 -> the standard of living for a lot of people,
specifically the growing middle class.
116.46 -> Industrialization afforded them more wealth
to purchase consumer goods and better access
119.55 -> to education.
120.55 -> And now as a result of that, a new kind of
worker emerged in the middle class, namely,
124.87 -> the white collar worker.
126.12 -> They were called white collar workers because
they dressed up in their suits and their white
129.749 -> collars and went to the office and management
jobs.
132.03 -> And at the top of the social hierarchy were
the industrialists or the factory owners.
136.06 -> Okay, now let’s take a moment and turn our
attention and see how the Industrial Revolution
139.81 -> affected the family structure.
141.41 -> So prior to the industrial revolution and
the urbanization of the population, most people
145.459 -> lived on farms and scratched out a living
there.
147.66 -> And on these farms the whole family worked
together.
150.599 -> Enter the Industrial Revolution, and now everyone
in the family is still working, but they’re
154.59 -> not working together.
155.989 -> Families went to their factory jobs in the
dark, and they returned home in the dark.
159.209 -> They ate most of their meals in the factory
with other factory workers which is to say,
163.079 -> not their family.
164.079 -> So one of the most significant societal effects
of the Industrial Revolution was the fracturing
168.379 -> of the family.
169.379 -> Now today we don’t think much of the fact
that families spend most of their waking hours
172.04 -> separated from each other, but in that day
and in that time it was a huge societal shift.
177.18 -> And since we’re talking about families,
let’s talk about the ladies.
179.599 -> It wasn’t unusual for working class women
to hold down jobs in factories.
182.599 -> But in the middle class, a new reality was
emerging.
184.989 -> Wives of white collar workers typically didn’t
have paid jobs at all but instead stayed home
189.64 -> to raise children.
190.64 -> And in industrial nations you began to see
the rise of something called the Cult of Domesticity.
195.01 -> This was a way of bestowing dignity upon women
because what it said was you are doing good
199.029 -> work at home, and valuable work at home.
201.129 -> You’re raising children who then can later
make meaningful contributions to society.
205.689 -> Also the cult of domesticity taught that the
woman’s main goal was to make the home a
209.54 -> haven of rest for her husband who is out in
the world doing real work.
213.18 -> “Good evening darling.
214.18 -> I imagine you’re run ragged from raising
our four children all by yourself at home,
219.11 -> but as you know, my sandwich is not going
to make itself, so scurry on.”
225.549 -> But as it turned out there were some women
in the world who grew tired of making their
228.84 -> husband’s sandwiches and believed that they
had more to offer the world than childbearing
232.549 -> and tuna salad.
233.549 -> And so you began seeing women raise their
voices for their rights during this period.
237.609 -> A good example is the Seneca Falls Convention
in 1848 in the United States.
241.93 -> Here, women gathered and produced a document
called the Declaration of Sentiments which
245.909 -> borrowed its language heavily from the American
Declaration of Independence with a few saucy
251.019 -> additions.
252.019 -> For example: We hold these truths to be self-evident;
that all men and women are created equal.
258.989 -> Mmmm.
259.989 -> You taste that sauce?
260.989 -> Now it would be many years and many decades
before women gained equal rights with men
264.49 -> in America and around the world, but it was
movements like this that marked its beginning.
268.509 -> Okay, and finally, let’s talk about the
environmental effects of the Industrial Revolution.
272.45 -> Now, because fossil fuels like coal and petroleum
were the driving engines of industrialization,
277.12 -> there were some serious environmental consequences.
279.039 -> It was during this time that a new word entered
the English lexicon—smog.
283.27 -> It was a combination of smoke and fog.
285.24 -> And when it set upon a city it choked the
inhabitants and caused endless respiratory
289.18 -> troubles for all who lived there.
290.9 -> And as I mentioned earlier, both human and
industrial waste was dumped into rivers and
295.12 -> that of course polluted the water supply.
297.45 -> And it created the occasion for the spread
of diseases like cholera and other kinds of
301.169 -> bacterial woes.
302.169 -> Alright, that’s what you need to know about
Unit 5 Topic 9 of AP World History.
305.52 -> If you’re happy that industrialization has
caused the occasion for you to be watching
308.889 -> this video right now, then subscribe and come
along.
310.849 -> And if you need help getting an A in your
class and a five on your exam, then consider
315.672 -> And I promise that no children or underpaid
women were exploited in the making of said
320.002 -> packet.
321.002 -> Heimler out.
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t10EoCXim1c